The Genomic.
Genomics is a discipline in genetics concerned with the study of the genomes of organisms. The field includes efforts to determine the entire DNA sequence of organisms and fine-scalegenetic mapping. The field also includes studies of intragenomic phenomena such as heterosis, epistasis, pleiotropy and other interactions between loci and alleles within the genome.
GENE......
A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a polypeptide or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains.
Allele.....
An allele is one of two or more forms of a gene or a genetic locus .The form "allel" is also used, an abbreviation of allelomorph. Sometimes, different alleles can result in different observable phenotypic traits, such as different pigmentation. However, many variations at the genetic level result in little or no observable variation.
Genotype and Phenotype....
Genotypy
Phenotype
Homozygous and Heterozygous....
Homozygous
Heterozygous
Dominance and Recesive....
Dominance
Diploid/Haploid
Most familiar animals and some plants have paired chromosomes, and are described as diploid. One chromosome of each pair is contributed by each parent: one by the female parent in her ovum, and one by the male parent in his sperm, which are joined at fertilization. The ovum and sperm cells have only one copy of each chromosome and are described as haploid. Production of haploid gametes occurs through a process called meiosis.
Recessive
Allosomal Recessive Gene
Allosomal recessive is a mode of inheritance of genetic traits located on the allosomes.
Examples include the gene for haemophilia which is carried on the X chromosome. Diseases carried on the Y chromosome cannot be recessive.
X chromosome diseases are recessive in females unless both of their X chromosomes have the gene. They are not recessive in males because males only have 1 X chromosome so there is not a non-diseased version of the gene to default to.
Autosomal Recessive Gene
Autosomal recessive or autorecessive is a mode of inheritance of genetic traits located on the autosomes (the 22 non-sex determining chromosomes).
DNA....
Is a nucleic acid containing the geneticinstructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms. The DNA segments carrying this genetic information are called genes.
STRUCTURE:
The DNA is made up by 2 Forces:
- Hydrogen Bonds.
- Conjugated Bonds
The four bases found in DNA are:
- Adenine
- Cytosine
- Guanine
- Thymine
ADENINE:
Is a nucleobase with a variety of roles in biochemistry including cellular respiration, in the form of both the energy-rich adenosine triphosphate and the cofactors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), and protein synthesis, as a chemical component of DNA and RNA.
THYMINE:
Is one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acid of DNA.
Thymine is also known as 5-methyluracil, a pyrimidine nucleobase. As the name suggests, thymine may be derived by methylation of uracil at the 5th carbon. In RNA, thymine is replaced with uracil in most cases.
CYTOSINE:
Is one of the four main bases found in DNA and RNA, along with adenine, guanine, and thymine.
It is a pyrimidine derivative, with a heterocyclic aromatic ring and two substituents attached.
GUANINE:
NOW FOR A SHORT BREAK YOU ARE GOING TO LISTEN AND REPEAT THE SONG ABOUT THE DNA.
RNA......
Is part of a group of molecules known as the nucleic acids, which are one of the four major macromolecules essential for all known forms of life. Like DNA, RNA is made up of a long chain of components called nucleotides.
STRUCTURE:
Each nucleotide in RNA contains a ribose sugar, with carbons numbered 1' through 5'. A base is attached to the 1' position, in general,
adenine,cytosine,guanine,or uracil.